Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Chemical and pharmacological potentials of botanical species found in the Cerrado are well-known and widely studied. Chemical diversity of secondary metabolites produced by plants that belong to this Brazilian biome has triggered several studies in the fields of farming, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from fresh leaves of three species found in the Brazilian Cerrado: Cardiopetalum calophyllum Schltdl. (EO-CC), Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (EO-CA) and Protium ovatum Engl. (EO-PO) and at determining their anti-Malassezia furfur and anti-inflammatory activities. Both GC-FID and GC-MS showed that the most abundant chemical class of the oils was the one of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The major constituents identified in EO-CC were germacrene D (34.9%) and bicyclogermacrene (26.8%). EO-CA exhibited mainly germacrene D (21.7%) while EO-PO had high concentrations of germacrene D (25.0%) and γ-muurolene (18.6%). EOs were tested by the broth microdilution method on 96-well microplates and exhibited satisfactory activity against M. furfur, i. e., EO-CA had MIC = 375 µg/mL while EO-CC and EO-PO had MIC = 750 µg/mL. The chemotaxis model, which was used for evaluating their anti-inflammatory activity, showed that EOs exhibited effective results: C. calophyllum (EO-CC; IC50 = 24.4 µg/mL), C. adamantium (EO-CA; IC50 = 15.7 µg/mL) and P. ovatum (EO-PO; IC50 = 32.5 µg/mL). In short, biological activities of EO-CC, EO-CA and EO-PO, such as anti-Malassezia furfur and anti-inflammatory ones, were investigated and described for the first time.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2023220034

Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis ‒ Brazilian Society of Dermatology: an update on phototherapy and systemic therapy using e-Delphi technique
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Orfali, Raquel Leao

; Lorenzini, Daniel

; Bressan, Aline

; Tanaka, Anber Ancel

; Cerqueira, Ana Maria Mósca de

; Hirayama, André da Silva

; Ramos, Andréa Machado Coelho

; Proença, Carolina Contin

; Silva, Claudia Marcia de Resende

; Laczynski, Cristina Marta Maria

; Carneiro, Francisca Regina

; Duarte, Gleison

; Hans Filho, Gunter

; Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá

; Melo, Ligia Pessoa de

; Azulay-Abulafia, Luna

; Weber, Magda Blessmann

; Rivitti-Machado, Maria Cecília

; Zaniboni, Mariana Colombini

; Ogawa, Marília

; Pires, Mario Cezar

; Ianhez, Mayra

; Felix, Paulo Antonio Oldani

; Bonamigo, Renan

; Takaoka, Roberto

; Lazzarini, Rosana

; Cestari, Silmara

; Mayor, Silvia Assumpção Soutto

; Cestari, Tania

; Oliveira, Zilda Najjar Prado de

; Spuls, Phyllis I.

; Gerbens, Louise A.A.

; Aoki, Valeria

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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2023, Volume 98 Nº 6 Páginas 814 - 836

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This publication is an update of the “Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology” published in 2019, considering the novel, targeted-oriented systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis. The initial recommendations of the current consensus for systemic treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis were based on a recent review of scientific published data and a consensus was reached after voting. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited 31 experts from all regions of Brazil and 2 international experts on atopic dermatitis who fully contributed to the process. The methods included an e-Delphi study to avoid bias, a literature search and a final consensus meeting. The authors added novel approved drugs in Brazil and the indication for phototherapy and systemic therapy for AD. The therapeutical response to systemic treatment is hereby reported in a suitable form for clinical practice and is also part of this updated manuscript.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2023.04.003

Theorizing and researching contemporary organizations in contexts of crisis and extreme events
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Oliveira, Cintia R.

; Alcadipani, Rafael

; Madariaga, Pablo I.

; Coraiola, Diego M.

; Teixeira, Maria Luisa M.

RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie

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2023, Volume 24 Nº 6 elocation eRAMD230400

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6971/eramd230400.en

Optimal waist circumference cutoff values to predict cardiometabolic alterations in a Venezuela national representative sample. The EVESCAM study
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González-Rivas, Juan P.

; Mechanick, Jeffrey I.

; Iglesias-Fortes, Rocio

; Oliveira-Gomes, Diana De

; Silva, Jesús

; Valencia, José

; Figueroa, Estherbany

; Duran, Maritza

; Ugel, Eunice

; Infante-García, María M.

; Marulanda, María Inés

; Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis

Archivos de cardiología de México

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Set 2021, Volume 91 Nº 3 Páginas 272 - 280

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Objective: Waist circumference (WC) value reflects abdominal adiposity, but the amount abdominal fat that is associated to cardiometabolic risk factors varies among ethnicities. Determination of metabolic abnormalities has not undergone a WC adaptation process in Venezuela. The aim of the study was (1) to determine the optimal WC cutoff value associated with ≥2 cardiometabolic alterations and (2) incorporating this new WC cutoff, to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors related in Venezuela. Methods: The study was national population-based, cross-sectional, and randomized sample, from 2014 to 2017. To assess performance of WC for identifying cardiometabolic alterations, receiver operating characteristics curves, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratios were calculated. Results: Three thousand three hundred eighty-seven adults were evaluated with mean age of 41.2 ± 15.8 years. Using the best tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity, WC cutoffs of 90 cm in men (sensitivity = 72.4% and specificity = 66.1%) and 86 cm in women (sensitivity = 76.2% and specificity = 61.4%) were optimal for aggregation of ≥2 cardiometabolic alterations. AUC was 0.75 in men and 0.73 in women using these new cutoffs. Prevalence of abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome was 59.6% (95 CI; 57.5-61.7) and 47.6% (95 CI; 45.2-50.0), respectively. Cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with being men, higher age, adiposity, and living in northern or western regions. Conclusion: The optimal WC values associated with cardiometabolic alterations were 90 cm in men and 86 cm in women. More than half of the Venezuelan population had abdominal obesity incorporating this new WC cutoff.

Resumen Objetivo: El valor de la circunferencia abdominal (CA) refleja la adiposidad abdominal, pero la cantidad de grasa abdominal asociada a factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos varía según la etnia. La determinación de anomalías metabólicas no se ha adaptado a la CA en Venezuela. 1) Detrerminar el valor de corte óptimo de CA asociados a ≥ 2 alteraciones cardiometabólicas. 2) Incorporando este nuevo límite de CA, determinar la prevalencia de obesidad abdominal y factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos relacionados en Venezuela. Métodos: Fue un estudio poblacional, transversal, de muestreo aleatorio de 2014 a 2017. Para evaluar el valor de CA para identificar alteraciones cardiometabólicas, se realizaron curvas características operativa del receptor y se calculó área bajo la curva (ABC), sensibilidad, especificidad y razón de similitud. Resultados: se evaluaron 3387 adultos con una edad promedio de 41.2 ± 15.8 años. Utilizando la mejor relación entre sensibilidad y especificidad, se determinó que los valores de corte de 90 cm en hombres (sensibilidad = 72.4% y especificidad = 66.1%) y 86 cm en mujeres (sensibilidad = 76.2% y especificidad = 61.4%) fueron óptimos para la agregación de ≥ 2 alteraciones cardiometabólicas. El ABC fue de 0,75 en hombres y de 0,73 en mujeres usando estos nuevos puntos de corte. La prevalencia de obesidad abdominal y síndrome metabólico fue 59.6% (95IC; 57.5 - 61.7) y 47.6% (95CI; 45.2 - 50.0), respectivamente. La presencia de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos se asoció con ser hombre, mayor edad, adiposidad y vivir en regiones del norte o del oeste. Conclusión: Los valores óptimos de CA asociados con alteraciones cardiometabólicas fueron 90 cm en hombres y 86 cm en mujeres. Más de la mitad de la población venezolana tenía obesidad abdominal al incorporar este nuevo corte de CA.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.20000165 150 downloads

DETERMINAÇÃO DE FÓSFORO EM PALEOSSEDIMENTOS EMPREGANDO ESPECTROMETRIA DE FLUORESCÊNCIA DE RAIOS-X PORTÁTIL
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Moura, Jacira I. de

; Farias Filho, Benedito B.

; Lage, Maria Conceição S. M.

; Melo, Christian Rilza S. de

; Barros, Wilkins O. de

; Oliveira, Aníbal Gustavo S.

; Carvalho, Luzia Maria S.

Química Nova

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Fev 2021, Volume 44 Nº 2 Páginas 198 - 204

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Phosphorus (P) is an important chemical marker of the past human presence, because, besides indicates the localization of possible archaeological sites, also, contributes to clarify doubts regarding to origin, duration and to specific functions that were developed in them. The present study aimed to obtain a simple, accurate, fast and non-destructible analytical method to determine phosphorus in sediment samples of the Toca da Baixa dos Caboclos archaeological site, an enclave of the Serra da Capivara National Park, Piauí, Brazil. For the proposed method, a portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (p-ED-XRF) equipment and cross calibration to sample direct analysis were used. The results show that the concentrations obtained by the proposed method, cross calibration with use of p-ED-XRF, and by the spectrophotometric method were considered statistically equal, when compared by the paired t test (p=0.05). By its turn, the intermediate accuracy and recovery tests showed values in the range of 2.41−3.56% and 85.10-102.66%, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170633 126 downloads

SÍNTESE, CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ESTUDO DOS PARÂMETROS DE JUDD-OFELT DE COMPOSTOS β‑DICETONATOS DE Eu(III) OU Sm(III)
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Scapolan, Maria I. X.

; Oliveira, Daniel H. de

; Monteiro, Jorge H. S. K.

; Davolos, Marian R.

; Adati, Renata D.

Química Nova

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2021, Volume 44 Nº 10 Páginas 1261 - 1267

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The lanthanide complexes [Ln(bmdm)3(L)] where Ln(III) = Eu and Sm were synthesized successfully using the diketone (1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione) (bmdm) and (L) = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 2,2’-bipyridine (bipy) ligands. The coordination modes were determined as bidentate chelate by the FT-IR. The ground state geometry was determined using the Sparkle/AM1 implemented in MOPAC2016 package. Europium complexes exhibit the characteristic emission bands that arise from5D0→7FJ (J = 0-4); the presence of just one5D0→7F0 line transition means that this site is without the center of inversion. Samarium complexes display transitions at4G5/2→6HJ (J = 5/2; 7/2; 9/2 and 11/2), being the4G5/2→6H9/2 the most intense, indicating that the forced electric dipole mechanism is predominant when compared with the magnetic dipole ones. The intensity parameters Ω2 and Ω4 were calculated according to the emission spectra for Eu(III) and absorption spectra for Sm(III). The high Ω2 values demonstrated that the lanthanide ion in bipy or phen complexes is in a highly polarizable chemical environment. The emission lifetime (τ) increases compared with that of precursor aquo complexes, confirming that the non-radiative quenching is minimized. The low quantum efficiency is a result of NIR emissions and non-radiative transitions of Sm(III).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170792

COVID-19 with and without pneumonia: clinical outcomes in the internal medicine ward
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Melendi, Santiago E.

; Pérez, María M.

; Salas, Cintia E.

; Haedo, Mariana F.

; Xavier, Franco B.

; Navarrete, Jandry D. Saltos

; Aguirre, Camila

; Baleta, María L.

; Balsano, Facundo J.

; Caldano, Mariano G.

; Colignon, María G.

; De Oliveira Brasil, Thayana

; De Wolodimeroff, Nicolás

; Déramo Aquino, Andrea I.

; Fernández De Córdova, Ana G.

; Fontan, María B.

; Galvagno, Florencia I.

; Iturrieta Araya, Noelia S.

; Mollinedo Cruz, Volga S.

; Olivero, Agustín

; Pestalardo, Ignacio

; Ricciardi, María

; Vera Rueda, María L.

; Villaverde, María C.

; Mauri, Marcela Lauko

; Ujeda, Carlos

; Leis, Rocío

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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Dez 2020, Volume 80 Supl. 6 Páginas 56 - 64

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The clinical features of COVID-19 differ substantially upon the presence (or absence) of viral pneumonia. The aim of this article was to describe the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted to the Internal Medicine ward, as divided into those with and without pneumonia. This single-center prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary teaching public hospital in Buenos Aires City named Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand. Baseline data collection was performed within 48 hours of admission and patients were followed until discharge or in-hospital death. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics together with treatment data were obtained from the medical records. Of the 417 included, 243 (58.3%) had pneumonia. Median age was 43 years (IQR:32-57) and 222 (53.2%) were female. The overall crude case-fatality rate was 3.8%. None of the COVID-19 patients without pneumonia developed critical disease, required invasive mechanical ventilation nor died during hospitalization. However, 7 (4%) developed severe disease during follow-up. Among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, in-hospital mortality rate was 6.6%, severe disease developed in 81 (33.3%), critical disease in 23 (9.5%), and 22 (9.1%) were admitted to the intensive care unit. A largely good prognosis was observed among COVID-19 patients without pneumonia, still, even among this group, unfavorable clinical progression can develop and should be properly monitored. Critical illness among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was frequent and observed rates from this cohort provide a sound characterization of COVID-19 clinical features in a major city from South America.

Resumen Las características clínicas del COVID-19 difieren sustancialmente según la presencia (o ausencia) de neumonía viral. El objetivo de este artículo fue describir las características clínicas de los pacientes con COVID-19 internados en el servicio de Clínica Médica, divididos en pacientes con y sin neumonía. Fue un estudio de cohorte prospectivo, con base en un único centro, realizado en un hospital público de la ciudad de Buenos Aires: Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand. La recolección basal de datos se realizó dentro de las 48 horas del ingreso y los pacientes fueron seguidos hasta el alta o la muerte hospitalaria. Las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, de laboratorio y radiológicas junto con los datos del tratamiento se obtuvieron de la historia clínica. De los 417 incluidos, 243 (58.3%) tenían neumonía. La mediana de edad fue de 43 años (RIC: 32-57) y 222 (53.2%) eran mujeres. La tasa global de letalidad fue del 3.8%. Ninguno de los pacientes con COVID-19 sin neumonía desarrolló enfermedad crítica, requirió ventilación mecánica invasiva ni falleció durante la hospitalización. Sin embargo, 7 (4%) desarrollaron enfermedad grave durante el seguimiento. Entre aquellos con neumonía COVID-19, la tasa de mortalidad hospitalaria fue del 6.6%, se desarrolló enfermedad grave en 81 (33.3%), enfermedad crítica en 23 (9.5%) y 22 (9.1%) fueron trasladados a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Los pacientes con COVID-19 sin neumonía presentaron buen pronóstico; sin embargo, incluso en este grupo, se observaron algunos con progresión clínica desfavorable, por lo que se requirió seguimiento adecuado. En los pacientes con neumonía por COVID-19, el desarrollo de enfermedad crítica fue frecuente y las tasas observadas en esta cohorte proporcionan una caracterización sólida de las características clínicas de los pacientes con COVID-19 en una importante ciudad de América del Sur.

174 downloads

Impacto Atual da Circulação Extracorpórea na Cirurgia de Revascularização Miocárdica no Estado de São Paulo
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Borgomoni, Gabrielle Barbosa

; Mejia, Omar Asdrúbal Vilca

; Orlandi, Bianca Maria Maglia

; Goncharov, Maxim

; Lisboa, Luiz Augusto Ferreira

; Conte, Pedro Henrique

; Oliveira, Marco Antonio Praca

; Fiorelli, Alfredo Inácio

; Petrucci Junior, Orlando

; Tiveron, Marcos Grandim

; Dallan, Luís Alberto de Oliveira

; Jatene, Fabio Biscegli

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Out 2020, Volume 115 Nº 4 Páginas 595 - 601

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento Resultados prévios com o uso de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) geram dificuldades na escolha do melhor tratamento para cada paciente na cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM) no contexto atual. Objetivo Avaliar o impacto da CEC no cenário atual da CRM no estado de São Paulo. Métodos Foram analisados 2.905 pacientes submetidos à CRM de forma consecutiva em 11 centros do estado de São Paulo pertencentes ao Registro Paulista de Cirurgia Cardiovascular (REPLICCAR) I. Dados perioperatórios e de seguimento foram colocados via on-line por especialistas treinados e capacitados em cada hospital. Foram analisadas as associações das variáveis perioperatórias com o tipo de procedimento (com ou sem CEC) e com os desfechos. A mortalidade esperada foi calculada por meio do EuroSCORE II (ESII). Os valores de p menores de 5% foram considerados significativos. Resultados Não houve diferença significativa em relação à idade dos pacientes entre os grupos (p=0,081). Dentre os pacientes, 72,9% eram de sexo masculino; 542 pacientes foram operados sem CEC (18,7%). Das características pré-operatórias, pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) prévio (p=0,005) e disfunção ventricular (p=0,031) foram operados com CEC; no entanto, pacientes de emergência ou em classe funcional New York Heart Association (NYHA) IV foram operados sem CEC (p<0,001). O valor do ESII foi semelhante para ambos os grupos (p=0,427). Na CRM sem CEC, houve preferência pelo uso do enxerto radial (p<0,001) e com CEC pela artéria mamária direita (p<0,001). No pós-operatório, o uso de CEC esteve associado com reoperação por sangramento (p=0,012). Conclusão Atualmente, no REPLICCAR, reoperação por sangramento foi o único desfecho associado ao uso da CEC na CRM. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(4):595-601)

Abstract Background Previous results on the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have generated difficulties in choosing the best treatment for each patient undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery (CABG) in the current context. Objective Evaluate the current impact of CPB in CABG in São Paulo State. Methods A total of 2905 patients who underwent CABG were consecutively analyzed in 11 São Paulo State centers belonging to the São Paulo Registry of Cardiovascular Surgery (REPLICCAR) I. Perioperative and follow-up data were included online by trained specialists in each hospital. Associations of the perioperative variables with the type of procedure and with the outcomes were analyzed. The study outcomes were morbidity and operative mortality. The expected mortality was calculated using EuroSCORE II (ESII). The values of p <5% were considered significant. Results There were no significant differences concerning the patients’ age between the groups (p=0.081). 72.9% of the patients were males. Of the patients, 542 underwent surgery without CPB (18.7%). Of the preoperative characteristics, patients with previous myocardial infarction (p=0.005) and ventricular dysfunction (p=0.031) underwent surgery with CPB. However, emergency or New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV patients underwent surgery without CPB (p<0.001). The ESII value was similar in both groups (p=0.427). In CABG without CPB, the radial graft was preferred (p<0.001), and in CABG with CPB the right mammary artery was the preferred one (p<0.001). In the postoperative period, CPB use was associated with reoperation for bleeding (p=0.012). Conclusion Currently in the REPLICCAR, reoperation for bleeding was the only outcome associated with the use of CPB in CABG. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(4):595-601)

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190145 1143 downloads

Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on Inclusion Complex β-Cyclodextrin and Sulcatone: A Cardiovascular Activity Evaluation
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Silva, Ivan S.

; Feitosa, Eduardo L.

; Santos, Márcio E. P.

; Silva, Raiane M.

; Rocha, Márcio S.

; Silva, Francisco I. da

; Lima, Francisco C. A.

; Costa, Ana Maria S.

; Alves, Péricles B.

; Sousa, Samuel A. A. de

; Oliveira, Aldeídia P.

; Lima, Sidney G. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2020, Volume 31 Nº 5 Páginas 1064 - 1077

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this paper, we have applied state-of-the-art technologies and new investigations were developed focusing on obtaining simple and inexpensive molecules for treating cardiovascular diseases, as they are considered the leading cause of death in the world. For the first time, the inclusion complex of sulcatone (SU) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was achieved (using a spray drier) and characterized making use of spectroscopic, thermal and computational methods. In addition, the system was evaluated regarding its vasorelaxant properties. Evidence of the inclusion complex formation was provided using different techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies and then deduced by pharmacological experiments, which showed significant changes in relation to the initial material.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190273 403 downloads

10.

Intestinal parasitosis and environmental contamination with helminths and protozoa in a Quilombola community of southeast Brazil
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Ferreira Pires Eustachio, Priscila

; Andrade Avelar, Letícia

; Leite Dias, João Victor

; Mota Queiroz, Dimas Ramon

; Gomes Murta, Nadja Maria

; Bahia de Oliveira, Gustavo Henrique

; Passos Cambraia, Rosana

; Rocha Pires, Herton Helder

; Rodrigues Martins, Helen

Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical

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Abr 2019, Volume 71 Nº 1 elocation e299

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Intestinal parasitosis by helminths and protozoa is still today a global public health problem mainly affecting people living in conditions of social vulnerability, including rural communities. Objective: Describe human intestinal parasitosis and environmental contamination with helminths and protozoa in the Quilombola community of Quartel do Indaiá (of African descent) in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of stool and soil samples by spontaneous sedimentation, and of plant samples by centrifugation sedimentation, to detect intestinal helminths and protozoa. Water samples were analyzed for total and fecal coliforms. Results: Helminths and protozoa were found in 45.5% of the people (n = 66). The species detected were Ascaris lumbricoides (18.2 %), Entamoeba coli (18.2%), Endolimax nana (18.2 %), ancylostoma (6.1 %), Iodamoeba butschlii (4.6 %), Giardia duodenalis (3%) and Trichuris trichiura (1.5 %). More than one species were present in 19.7 % of the samples. In 18 of the 39 sites sampled, the soil was contaminated with E. coli, E. nana, A. lumbricoides, I. butschlii and/or Enterobius vermicularis. Vegetables (n = 135) were contaminated in 75 samples with 7 of the 8 species analyzed. The contaminants were E. coli cysts, A. lumbricoides eggs and ancylostoma. All water samples were contaminated with total and fecal coliforms. Conclusions: The Quilombola community of Quartel do Indaiá had high levels of human infection and high environmental contamination with intestinal parasites or protozoa, probably due to lack of appropriate sanitary conditions. It is necessary to improve the access to treated water and sanitation.

RESUMEN Introducción: El parasitismo intestinal por helmintos y protozoarios todavía es un problema de salud pública mundial, que afecta sobre todo personas en condiciones de vulnerabilidad social, incluso las comunidades rurales. Objectivo: Describir la infección humana y la contaminación ambiental por parásitos/comensales intestinales en una comunidade ‘quilombola’ Quartel do Indaiá (descendentes de esclavos) del Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal con análisis de muestras fecales y de tierra por sedimentación espontánea, y de vegetales por sedimentación con centrifugación para detección de parásitos o comensales intestinales. Se analizaron muestras de agua para detección de coliformes totales y fecales. Resultados: Se observó la ocurrencia de parásitos o comensales en 45.5 % de las personas (n = 66). Las especies detectadas fueron Ascaris lumbricoides (18,2 %), Entamoeba coli (18,2 %), Endolimax nana (18,2 %), anquilostomas (6.1 %), Iodamoeba butschlii (4,6 %), Giardia duodenalis (3 %), and Trichuris trichiura (1,5 %). Para 19,7 % de las muestras se detectaron más de una especie. El suelo estuvo contaminado en 18 de los 39 sitios muestreados, con presencia de E. coli, E. nana, A. lumbricoides, I. butschlii y/o Enterobius vermicularis. Los vegetales (n = 135) presentaron contaminación en 75 muestras de 7, entre 8 especies analizadas. Sus contaminantes fueron quistos de E. coli y huevos de A. lumbricoides y anquilostoma. Todas las muestras de agua estaban contaminadas por coliformes totales y fecales. Conclusiones: La comunidad ‘quilombola’ Quartel do Indaiá presentó alta infección humana y alta contaminación ambiental por parásitos o comensales intestinales, lo que se debe probablemente a la falta de condiciones sanitarias. Se necesita mejorar el acceso para agua tratada y estructuras de saneamiento.

11.

Pathogenic activity of Isaria spp. for control of Dactylopius opuntiae (Hemiptera: Dactylopiideae) and the effects of selected insecticides
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Lopes, Rosineide Da Silva

; Oliveira, Luciana Gonçalves De

; Lima, Geiziquele De

; Correia, Maria Tereza Dos Santos

; Costa, Antonio Félix Da

; Lima, Elza Áurea De Luna-Alves

; Lima, Vera Lúcia De Menezes

Acta zoológica mexicana

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2019, Volume 35 elocation e3502249

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract We analyzed the activity of the entomopathogenic fungi Isaria farinosa, I. fumosorosea and I. javanica against the cochineal Dactylopius opuntiae, as well as the effects of the insecticides clorpirifos, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin on the conidia germination, mycelium growth and a sporulation of the fungi. These fungi were not pathogenic to cochineal. This the first report of the efficiency of Isaria spp. against this the insect. The bioassays of the compatibility of the insecticides acetamiprid and thiametoxam with species of Isaria indicate the possibility of the joint use of these products in studies on the control of D. opuntiae.

Resumen El trabajo analizó las acciones de los hongos entomopatógenos Isaria farinosa, I. fumosorosea y I. javanica contra la cochonilla Dactylopius opuntiae, así como el efecto de los insecticidas clorpirifos, acetamiprid, tiametoxam y lambda-cialotrina sobre la germinación, el crecimiento micelial y esporulación del mismo. Los hongos no fueron patógenos a D. opuntiae, siendo éste el primer reporte de la eficiencia de Isaria spp., sobre este insecto. Los bioensayos de la compatibilidad de los insecticidas acetamiprid y thiametoxam con especies de Isaria indican la posibilidad de uso conjunto de estos productos en estudios para el control de D. opuntiae.

https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2019.3502249 514 downloads

12.

Consistência interna e fatores latentes na variabilidade da competência sintática no ensino fundamental I
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Costa, Mariana de Oliveira

; Carvalho, Carolina Alves de Ferreira

; Hackerott, Maria Mercedes Saraiva

; Avila, Clara Regina Brandão de

Audiology - Communication Research

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2019, Volume 24 elocation e1986

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Apresentar o estudo de consistência interna e de fatores latentes responsáveis pela variabilidade de respostas a uma tarefa de avaliação de competências sintáticas, aplicada em crianças escolares do 2º ciclo do ensino fundamental I. Métodos Elaborou-se uma prova de complementação oral de sentenças, a partir de 30 orações subordinadas adverbiais. Participaram 113 escolares típicos (55,7% sexo feminino), entre 9 anos e 11 anos e 1 mês (média de idade = 9,5; desvio padrão = 0,6), matriculados no 4º (59,3%) e 5º (40,7%) anos do ensino fundamental da rede pública. Foram avaliados quanto à discriminação e processamento auditivo, memória fonológica, vocabulário expressivo e complementação oral de sentenças. Três juízes (dois fonoaudiólogos e um linguista) avaliaram 3390 respostas. Analisou-se por coeficiente Kappa de Fleiss (α=0,6), coeficiente de Alpha de Cronbach (α=0,4) e realizou-se análise fatorial com coeficiente Phi (α=0,7), com método de componentes principais. Resultados A concordância entre os três juízes mostrou k=0,61<x>1 para 6 itens. A análise dos dois fonoaudiólogos mostrou concordância perfeita para 2 itens e k=0,69<x>0,89 para 23 itens. Na análise da consistência interna, as categorias condicional e final mostraram α=0,43 e α=0,47, respectivamente. As demais categorias não mostraram consistência. Dos 13 fatores latentes identificados, apenas 1 mostrou ser responsável (12%) pela variância total de respostas. Conclusão A concordância entre juízes fonoaudiólogos foi substancial, os itens de teste não se mostraram correlacionados dentro da mesma categoria gramatical. O uso do modo subjuntivo na resposta complementar à oração principal parece ser um fator latente, condutor da variabilidade de resposta dos escolares.

ABSTRACT Purpose Present a study on the internal consistency and latent factors that promote response variability in an assessment task of syntactic competence applied to Elementary School students. Methods An oral sentence complementation task containing 30 main adverbial subordinate clauses was prepared. Participants were 113 students with typical development (55.7% girls), aged 9 years to 11 years and 1 month (M=9.5; SD=0.6), regularly enrolled in the 4th (59.3%) and 5th (40.7%) grades of a public Elementary School. The schoolchildren were evaluated with respect to auditory discrimination and processing (simplified assessment), phonological short-term and working memory, expressive vocabulary, and oral sentence complementation. Data were analyzed using the Fleiss’ Kappa (α=0.6) and Cronbach's Alpha (α=0.4) coefficients. Phi coefficient (α=0.7) factor analysis with the principal components method was also performed. Results Inter-rater concordance between the three judges was α=0.61<x>1 for six clauses. Concordance between the two speech-language pathologists was perfect for two clauses and k=0.69<x>0.89 for 23 clauses. In the internal consistency analysis, the condition and purpose subordinate clause categories showed α=0.43 and α=0.47, respectively. Of the 13 latent factors identified, only one (12%) promoted total response variance. Conclusion Inter-rater concordance between the speech-language pathologists was significant, task items were not correlated within the same grammatical category, and the use of the subjunctive mood in the complementation response to the main clause seems to be a latent factor promoting the response variability of students.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6431-2018-1986 1038 downloads

13.

Efeitos do banho prévio, da tricotomia e da antissepsia na redução da contaminação do sítio cirúrgico em cadelas submetidas à OSH eletiva
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Medeiros, Lylian K.G.

; Rego, Renato O.

; Silva, Meire Maria da

; Henrique, Fernanda V.

; Oliveira, Kalyne D.S.

; G. Júnior, Felício

; Sousa, Almir P.

; Nóbrega Neto, Pedro I.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Set 2018, Volume 38 Nº 9 Páginas 1787 - 1792

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influencia do banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico e da tricotomia pré-operatória na redução da contagem microbiana da pele do campo operatório, bem como a eficiência antisséptica do gluconato de clorexidina 0,5% e da polivinilpirrolidona iodada 10% para antissepsia do sítio cirúrgico, verificando sua ação 4 minutos e 2 horas após aplicação. Utilizaram-se 20 cadelas hígidas, alocadas ao acaso em 2 grupos de 10 animais: os animais do Grupo I foram submetidos ao banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico, enquanto os do Grupo II não passaram por este procedimento. Foram isolados diversos gêneros bacterianos antes e após o uso dos antissépticos. Significância estatística foi verificada entre os grupos quanto ao efeito do banho prévio à cirurgia, apenas 2 horas após a aplicação de clorexidina. A tricotomia reduziu 26,48% da carga microbiana nos animais do Grupo I e elevou a carga microbiana em 41,19% nos animais do Grupo II, revelando diferença estatística. Após o uso dos antissépticos, não foi observada diferença estatística entre os grupos em nenhum momento. Do mesmo modo, a comparação da eficiência dos antissépticos com ou sem banho, não revelou significância estatística. A polivinilpirrolidona iodada causou reação alérgica em 15% dos animais e não foi observada irritação cutânea causada pela clorexidina. Conclui-se que o banho prévio tem efeito na redução da carga bacteriana apenas após 2 horas de antissepsia com clorexidina; a tricotomia é mais eficaz na redução microbiana quando o animal é submetido ao banho e os dois antissépticos são igualmente eficazes na antissepsia cirúrgica por até 2 horas quer o animal tome banho ou não previamente à cirurgia.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of bath 24 hours before surgery and preoperative shaving in reducing microbial count of the operating field skin and antiseptic efficiency of 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate and 10% iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone for antisepsis of the surgical site, by checking its action 4 minutes and 2 hours after application. We used 20 healthy bitches, randomly allocated into 2 groups of 10 animals: Group I underwent bath 24 hours before surgery, whereas Group II did not undergo this procedure. Many bacterial genera have been isolated before and after use of antiseptics. Statistical significance was observed between the groups regarding the effect of bath prior to surgery, just two hours after application of chlorhexidine. Shaving reduced 26.48% of the microbial load in Group I and increased the microbial load in 41.19% in Group II, showing statistical difference. After the use of antiseptics, there was no statistical difference between the groups at any time. Similarly, comparison of the efficiency of the bath with or without antiseptic showed no statistical significance. The iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone caused allergic reaction in 15% of animals and was not observed skin irritation caused by chlorhexidine. We conclude that the prior bath is effective in reducing bacterial load just after 2 hours of antisepsis with chlorhexidine; shaving is more effective in reducing microbial when the animal is subjected to the bath and the two antiseptic agents are equally effective in surgical antisepsis or for up to 2 hours the animal did not take a bath or prior to surgery.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5028 2944 downloads

14.

Quantitative and qualitative responses of Catharanthus roseus to salinity and biofertilizer
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Neves, Antônia L. R.

; Lacerda, Claudivan F. de

; Oliveira, Adriana C. de

; Sousa, Carlos H. C.

; Oliveira, Francisco I. F.

; Ribeiro, Maria da S. de S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jan 2018, Volume 22 Nº 1 Páginas 22 - 26

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O desenvolvimento da agricultura no semiárido nordestino depende, sobretudo, da exploração correta e do uso eficiente dos recursos naturais. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do uso de águas salinas, em solo adubado com biofertilizante bovino, sobre as respostas morfofisiológicas e na qualidade (análise sensorial) de plantas de Boa noite (Catharanthus roseus). Usou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tratamentos arranjados em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas formadas por cinco níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (0,5; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10 dS m-1) e as subparcelas por duas frequências de aplicação da dose de 150 mL de biofertilizante bovino líquido por vaso (dividida em uma e cinco vezes), com cinco repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: trocas gasosas foliares índice relativo de clorofila, biometria, matéria seca de folhas, hastes, flores e raízes e análise sensorial (aparência geral e preferência dos compradores). Com as análises quantitativas (crescimento e fisiológicas) e qualitativas (análise sensorial), notou-se que plantas de Catharanthus roseus de cor branca podem ser produzidas utilizando-se água salina em nível de 2,5 dS m-1, sendo as plantas deste tratamento as preferidas dos julgadores na análise sensorial. A frequência de aplicação do biofertilizante não atenuou os efeitos da salinidade. Desta forma, pode-se aplicar o biofertilizante bovino líquido de uma única vez, diminuindo custos.

ABSTRACT The development of agriculture in the northeastern semi-arid region depends, at least in part, on the correct exploitation and efficient use of natural resources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of saline water on morphophysiological responses and sensory analysis of ‘Boa noite’ plants (Catharanthus roseus) in soil fertilized with bovine biofertilizer. A completely randomized design was used in the split plot arrangement, the plots being formed by the five irrigation water salinity levels (0.5, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 dS m-1), and the subplots by two frequencies of application of the 150 mL pot-1 of liquid bovine biofertilizer (divided into one and five times), with five replicates. The analysed variables were: leaf gas exchange relative chlorophyll index, biometry, dry matter (leaf, stems, flowers and roots) and sensory analysis (general appearance and buyers’ preference). Quantitative (growth and physiological) and qualitative (sensory analysis) responses show that Catharanthus roseus plants can be produced using saline water at the level of 2.5 dS m-1, and the plants of this treatment were preferred by the judges in sensory analysis. Biofertilizer application frequency did not attenuate the effects of salinity. Therefore, the liquid bovine biofertilizer can be applied all at once, reducing costs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n1p22-26 1875 downloads

15.

Isospora albicollis (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in thrushes Turdus spp. (Passeriformes: Turdidae), in southeastern Brazil
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Pinho, Irlane Faria de

; Silva, Lidiane Maria da

; Rodrigues, Mariana Borges

; Oliveira, Mariana de Souza

; Lopes, Bruno do Bomfim

; Luz, Hermes Ribeiro

; Ferreira, Ildemar

; Lopes, Carlos Wilson Gomes

; Berto, Bruno Pereira

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Jun 2017, Volume 26 Nº 2 Páginas 231 - 234

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar e descrever Isospora albicollis Lainson e Shaw, 1989, parasitando um sabiá-coleira Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818 e um sabiá-barranco Turdus leucomelas Vieillot 1818, em duas localidades diferentes: Parque Nacional do Itatiaia e Cacaria, no Sudeste do Brasil. Os oocistos identificados foram ovóides, 24,4 × 19,7 μm, com uma parede lisa e dupla, com cerca de 1,4 μm de espessura. Resíduo do oocisto foi ausente, mas uma micrópila e um grânulo polar foram presentes. Esporocistos elipsoidais, 15,4 × 10,1 μm, corpo de Stieda em forma de botão a arredondado e corpo de sub-Stieda proeminente e largo. Resíduo do esporocisto presente, usualmente como um aglomerado de grânulos que parecem estar envolvidos por uma membrana. Esporozoítos vermiformes com um corpo refráctil posterior e um núcleo centralizado. Além de registrar o novo hospedeiro T. leucomelas, a identificação de I. albicollis no Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e Cacaria, no Sudeste do Brasil, fornece registros de novas localidades para seu parasitismo e revela a ampla distribuição e dispersão desse coccídio no Brasil.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to report and describe Isospora albicollis Lainson and Shaw, 1989 parasitizing a white-necked thrush Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818 and a pale-breasted thrush Turdus leucomelas Vieillot, 1818 in two different localities: the Itatiaia National Park and Cacaria, in southeastern Brazil. The oocysts identified were ovoidal, 24.4 × 19.7 μm, with a smooth, bilayered wall, around 1.4 μm thick. Oocyst residuum was absent, but a micropyle and a polar granule were present. The sporocysts were ellipsoidal, 15.4 × 10.1 μm. The Stieda body was knob-like to rounded and the sub-Stieda body was prominent and wide. Sporocyst residuum was present, usually as a cluster of granules that appear to be membrane-bounded. The sporozoites were vermiform with one posterior refractile body and a centrally located nucleus. Besides recording the new host T. leucomelas, the identification of I. albicollis in the Itatiaia National Park and Cacaria, in southeastern Brazil, provide records of new localities for its parasitism, and reveals the wide distribution and dispersion of this coccidium in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612017006 649 downloads

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